![]() ![]() We preliminarily explore the applicability of our framework using one of the geometric optimality choices. Once the necessary algorithms are developed, our framework provides an objective basis to investigate the geometric measures used by cartographers to label groups of features. However, in many of the cases computing optimal label placements is still an open algorithmic question which can readily be investigated in future work. ![]() We list the optimal label positions and shapes for which labels can already be computed using existing algorithms. Our framework gives rise to a large variety of geometrically optimal labels. We propose a framework to determine formal measures that describe the geometric aspects of the cartographic design space for labeling feature groups. ![]() Surprisingly, the (automated) labeling of groups of features has received little attention so far. All these groups of features might be best identified with a single label. Examples are groups of islands (Archipelago), relief features in deserts, periglacial lakes or geomorphological forms, such as drumlins and sinkholes. After conversion to annotation, manual label position refinement eliminated all overlaps but at the cost of a nine percent decline in the preferred position metric.Ī variety of recurring geographic entities form collections of point, line, or area features. For the labels they did place, both products provided equally good quality label placement: About 93 percent of labels were placed with no overlap, and virtually 100 percent of labels were placed in their preferred position. The research found that Maplex placed almost seven percent more labels overall than the Standard Labeling Engine. Label placement success is assessed by both quantity and quality metrics, using a methodology developed and tailored specifically for evaluation of sewer map label placement. The research compares map-labeling tools from ESRI TM ’s ArcMap TM 9.2: the Standard Labeling Engine and the Maplex TM labeling extension. The primary research objective is to evaluate the ability of current GIS software to automate label placement the research also identifies factors that make manual refinement of automated label placement necessary in order to complete the labeling process. This evaluation takes place in the context of a densely featured municipal sewer utility map book. This paper explores the extent to which current GIS software can place labels legibly, without overlap, and with good visual association between features and labels. Before the development of mapping software, placing labels in manual map production could consume up to half or more of overall map production time. Here we discuss an introduction to CSS Rotate Test, how to rotate text works with programming examples for better understanding.The placement of feature name labels on maps has challenged mapmakers throughout history. The rotate function can also rotate HTML elements as well. We can rotate the text in a clockwise and anti-clockwise directions. Rotate text can be done by using the rotate() function. This functions not only rotate text but also rotates HTML elements. This are used to rotate the text in either clock wise or anti clock wise direction. Rotate text can be done by using rotate() function in CSS. ![]()
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